In Psalms 146-150, the focus is purely on the praising of God. There are no requests and there are no cries of distress, they are all simply psalms of praise, where the psalmists praise God for who He is and what He’s done.
In this psalm, the psalmist simply praises God because of His work in creation, Hebrews 1:3. The historical background to this psalm appears to be when Israel returned from captivity in order to rebuild Jerusalem and the temple.
The psalmist begins by declaring the great hallelujah, Psalm 147:1, that is, praise the LORD. They remind themselves and others, that it’s good to sing praises to God because it is pleasant to do so, Psalm 147:1 / Psalm 33:1. In view of all that God has done and continues to do in His creation, it’s fitting to give Him praise, Psalm 147:1.
The psalmist turns their attention to Jerusalem. It’s the LORD who builds the city and it was the LORD who gathered the exiles of Israel, Psalm 147:2. This tells us that the historical setting of this psalm was when the Jews returned from their Babylonian captivity, Nehemiah 12:27. The LORD builds up Jerusalem, He gathers together the outcasts of Israel.
The psalmist describes the goodness and greatness of God so he and others would have reasons to praise God. The first reason is God’s active care for Jerusalem, perhaps a reference to its restoration after the exile.
The Jews had been taken into Assyrian captivity in 722/21 B.C. and Babylonian captivity in 586 B.C. and were dispersed among the nations. The psalmist gives God all the credit for gathering the twelve tribes of Israel together to bring them back to Jerusalem in order to rebuild the city and the temple, Isaiah 11:12 / Isaiah 56:8.
God should be praised because He not only cares for the broken-hearted but He also heals the broken-hearted, Psalm 147:3 / Isaiah 61:1 / Luke 4:18, and binds up their wounds, Psalm 147:3 / Isaiah 1:6. God should be praised because he determines the number of stars and calls them by name, Psalm 147:4, that is, His majesty and power are seen in what He created in the universe, Genesis 22:17 / Isaiah 40:26.
God should be praised because He is mighty in power, and His understanding has no limit, Psalm 147:5, that is, no one has the power God has and no one has the knowledge God has, Isaiah 40:28. God should be praised because He sustains the humble but casts down the wicked to the ground, Psalm 147:6, that is, He raises up the humble but humbles the proud, Proverbs 3:34 / James 4:6 / 1 Peter 5:5.
The psalmist once again calls upon the Israelites to sing to the LORD with grateful praise and make music to God on the harp, Psalm 147:7 / Isaiah 5:12. It’s the LORD who covers the sky with clouds which supply rainwater for the grass to grow on the hills, Psalm 147:8.
He provides the rain, Psalm 147:8 / Job 5:10 / Job 28:26 / Job 36:27-28 / Job 38:28 / Job 38:37, and He provides the food for the cattle and for the young raven when they call, Psalm 147:9 / Job 38:41. In other words, God is to be praised for the continuity of vegetation that provides food for the living, Psalm 8 / Romans 1:20.
Despite creating the horse’s strength and the legs of a warrior, God’s delight isn’t in the strength of the horse, or the legs of a warrior, Psalm 147:10, His delight is found in those who fear Him, those who put their hope in Him, Psalm 147:11 / Job 39:19-25.
The psalmist now extols Jerusalem, Zion, Psalm 147:12, that is, the people, to praise God again, Psalm 147:12. This time because God has strengthened the bars of the city’s gates and blessed the people within Psalm 147:13. The security of the nation was in the strength of Jerusalem to withstand the enemy.
God strengthened Israel and was able to defend her against all her enemies. They wouldn’t be able to break through the gates into the city. He blessed them with peace and blessed them with the finest wheat, Psalm 147:14, that is, the best the land had to offer.
The psalmist now speaks of God’s presence and work within the natural world. He sends His command to the earth and His word runs swiftly, Psalm 147:15, that is, whatever God commanded, it was done quickly without any delays. The snow, frost, Psalm 147:16, ice, cold, Psalm 147:17, heat and wind, Psalm 147:18, all obeyed His commands, 2 Thessalonians 3:1 / Hebrews 1:3.
God’s power is seen in the snow, Job 37:6, ice, Genesis 18:5 / Judges 19:5, and cold. In other words, we succumb to the cold, but God controls all that controls the cold. He can simply speak a word and the snow and ice melt away, Psalm 147:18 / Job 37:10-12.
God not only commands and controls the elements, but He also has revealed His word, His laws, and decrees to Jacob, who is representative of the nation of Israel, Psalm 147:19 / Romans 3:1-2.
God should be praised because He only revealed His word, and His laws to Israel and no other nation, Psalm 147:20. The psalmist ends their psalm in the same manner they began, Psalm 147:1, with the great hallelujah, praise the LORD, Psalm 147:20.
The psalmist announces that God should be praised because of His work in creation, they tell us that even the elements hear His word and obey Him. God’s word was given to the nation of Israel and no one else. When we turn our attention to the New Testament, we read about God’s final revelation to mankind. The Hebrew writer tells us that God spoke through His Son, Hebrews 1:1-3.
This suggests finality, God’s final speech was through His Son. God’s message is complete and so, God isn’t still speaking at many times and in many ways by the Son, God has spoken, that’s past tense, by the Son. God has revealed His total truth and that truth is now out.
That final truth wasn’t revealed through prophets, it was revealed through the Son! ‘Whom he appointed as heir of all things’, which shows authority. God has spoken through His Son and the Son carries great authority. The Son has been appointed heir of all things and because He has this authority, the Son can make good on the words He has declared.
The authority of the Son is so great that it is through the Son that ‘all things were created’. The Son is authoritative, the Son’s word is authoritative. The Son is the final, completed message of God. As the apostle John would write later, the Son is the ‘logos’, the Word, John 1:1.