This chapter begins by telling us that the outpouring of God’s blessings contrasted with the barren state of captivity and God’s Spirit is the very zenith of blessings.
The word, ‘Jeshurun’ is used as a diminutive word of endearment, Deuteronomy 32:15. Deuteronomy 33:5 / Deuteronomy 33:26, means ‘upright one’, and here it literally means, ‘dear little Israel’.
God had given His people over for judgment in order to move them to repentance. He now comforts them by reminding them that He will bring them back because of their repentance.
They mustn’t fear because the results would be the bringing forth of fruits, restoration to the land which is but a type of the greater era to come, the Lord’s church, Joel 2:28 / Mark 16:15-16 / Acts 2:16-17 / Acts 2:41. We also read of the willingness of the Gentiles to be proselyted, Matthew 23:15.
Coffman, in his commentary, says the following.
‘The outpouring of the Spirit, Isaiah 44:3, is a glimpse of the new covenant as in Jeremiah 31:31ff / Ezekiel 36:26 / Joel 2:28 / Acts 2. Isaiah 44:5 is a foretaste of Gentile conversion. These verses promise redemption and the reception of the Spirit through the success of the Gospel of Christ. Here God explicitly predicts that future Israel who was to receive the Living Water and the Holy Spirit poured out upon them pre-eminently on Pentecost, Acts 2. Mention of Israel’s ‘seed’ in Isaiah 44:3, refers primarily to Israel after the Spirit, the true ‘Israel of God’, Galatians 6:16.’
From these verses through to verse 23 we read of the absurdity of idols and the rejoicing of God’s people. God begins by proving that He alone is God. These verses form a new pledge of redemption and a fresh exhortation to trust in Jehovah. God points out the wretchedness of idols and that of their worshippers in contrast with Jehovah, the only God.
Two things which demonstrate His Deity.
1. He rules over nature in history showing that he alone is without equal and is God.
2. His deity is further declared by the fact that he alone can foretell the future.
No other god could answer the challenge, which alone should assure Israel.
The heathen gods are so far from being a ground of trust that all who trust in them will discover with alarm how they had deceived themselves and will be put to shame. The wretched folly and stupidity of idolatry are seen by its origin.
Isaiah gives us a description of the making of an idol. This description is intended to show the foolishness of putting trust in the product of man’s labours. The image maker grows tired and weary but his ‘god’ cannot give him any comfort.
He also tells us that the existence of the material for the idols depended upon God. The irony of it all is seen in their existence is from the residue of what man did not use for his physical needs. It is folly to bow down to that which man makes with his own hands.
Here Isaiah sets forth idolatry as irrational, Exodus 20:4-5, yet idolatry hardens the heart so much that men cannot see or understand what is so obvious, Luke 12:15 / Romans 1:20-28 / Colossians 3:5 / 1 Timothy 6:8-10.
Wooden idols are good only for cooking food and keeping one warm. It appears that God will allow people to believe a lie, but condemn them for their desire to believe the lie, 2 Thessalonians 2:11-12. Because the deceived had no desire to believe the truth, they will be condemned for their desire to follow after their own deceptions.
Here we read that idolatry so deceived the heart that it had turned Israel so far from the truth and salvation that she couldn’t even think of salvation.
He has sept away their offences like a cloud and their sins like the morning mist, in other words, the assurance that God wouldn’t forget His servant is followed with an announcement of an act of love manifested by redemption.
God would not forget His people. There is already good ground to rejoice and the reply of God is, that God has accomplished what He has purposed, the redemption of His people. All those who realise their forgiveness in Jesus, work in thanksgiving and rejoice because of the grace of God, 2 Corinthians 4:15.
From these verses through to chapter 45:25, we read of Cyrus, the anointed one.
The promise of redemption of Israel becomes more specific. God will deliver them from the captivity from which they couldn’t deliver themselves. God first gave existence to Israel, and he refuses to let Israel be completely destroyed.
He would rebuild Jerusalem and use His shepherd to perform it. Against the background of the destruction by Sennacherib, and eventually, by the Babylonians, Jerusalem will be rebuilt.
Just as God dried up the Red Sea in order to free Israel from Egyptian captivity, He will certainly deliver Israel from Assyrian and Babylonian captivity.
This is the first mention of Cyrus by name, Isaiah 45:21, and is about 165 to 170 before Cyrus issued the decree for releasing the Jews, Ezra 1:1-4 / 2 Chronicles 36:22-23.
Barnes, in his commentary, says the following.
‘Cyrus took the city of Babylon after having besieged it a long time in vain, by turning the waters of the river into a vast lake, forty miles square, which had been constructed to carry off the superfluous waters in times of a flood. By doing this, he laid the channel of the Euphrates almost dry, enabling him to enter the city and take it by surprise.’
"For the word of God is living and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart."